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Environment

Dyes made by microbes could reduce the environmental impact of clothes

A UK start-up is producing dyes made by bacteria and yeast rather than fossil fuel-derived chemicals, which could help clothes manufacturers cut energy use and pollution

By Michael Le Page

14 February 2025

Pigment-producing microbes growing in Petri dishes

Colorfix

The colour in our clothes has many serious environmental consequences, from the use of fossil fuel by-products to manufacture dyes to the heavily polluted water left after dyeing. But a UK-based company called says it can greatly reduce these impacts by using microbes both to make the dyes and to help fix them to fabrics.

鈥淲e’ve had considerable interest in this, because consumers are really starting to think about what they wear and how it damages the environment,鈥 says chief science officer Jim Ajioka.

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