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Physics

A timeline of the most important events in quantum mechanics

Explore the key moments in the history of quantum theory, from the early ideas of Albert Einstein and Werner Heisenberg to the discovery of phenomena like superposition and entanglement – and today’s quantum computers

By ×îÐÂÂé¶¹ÊÓÆµ

15 April 2025

×îÐÂÂé¶¹ÊÓÆµ. Science news and long reads from expert journalists, covering developments in science, technology, health and the environment on the website and the magazine.

This article is part of a special series celebrating the 100th anniversary of the birth of quantum theory. Read more here

The seeds of quantum theory were sown by Albert Einstein and others as early as 1905. But the theory came together properly 100 years ago in 1925 – and has exerted its influence ever since, as this timeline shows.

> 1905 Riffing on earlier work by Max Planck, Albert Einstein suggests that light is made of particles with certain energies. These “quanta of light” were an early step on the road to quantum theory.

> 1913 Niels Bohr produces a quantum…

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