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How times have changed since the year 2000. In that year, there were a billion fewer people living on the planet. The International Space Station hadn’t yet housed any resident astronauts. Brad Pitt and Jennifer Aniston were in love and got married.
And on 24 May that year, a group of mathematicians took to a stage in Paris to set some problems. They used acetate sheets and an overhead projector in their presentation, but this was no high-school maths challenge. These were the seven Millennium Problems, the hardest mathematical puzzles then known. The exercise was organised by the Clay…